In this article we will discuss about the exoskeleton and endoskeleton structure of scoliodon. The exoskeleton includes predominantly the scales which are present all over the body. Endoskeleton comprises of the axial and appendicular skeleton. Exoskeleton: The entire surface of the scoliodon body is covered by oblique rows of placoid scales or odontoids (Fig. 1.29). Atypical placoid scale has a [...]
In this article we will discuss about the respiratory system of Channa Punctatus with suitable diagram. Respiration is performed by four pairs of gills, situated in the gill chambers, and accessory respiratory organs. These two chambers are covered externally by the operculum. A branchiostegal membrane is attached to the posterior margin of the operculum and helps the operculum to make [...]
In this article we will discuss about the external structure of toad. This will also help you to draw the structure and diagram of toad. Toad has a short bilaterally symmetrical body (Fig. 1.61). There is no exoskeleton over the skin, i.e., the skin is naked skin is rough in texture. The dorsal side of the body is blackish-gray while [...]