In this article we will discuss about the respiratory system of pigeon. The aerial mode of life requires extra energy. In order to get energy, pigeon eats large quantity of food and to break down the assimilated food at a faster rate, the respiratory system is extensively modified. The lungs are proportionately smaller in size, but the functional efficiency is [...]
In this article we will discuss about the exoskeleton and endoskeleton structure of scoliodon. The exoskeleton includes predominantly the scales which are present all over the body. Endoskeleton comprises of the axial and appendicular skeleton. Exoskeleton: The entire surface of the scoliodon body is covered by oblique rows of placoid scales or odontoids (Fig. 1.29). Atypical placoid scale has a [...]
In this article we will discuss about the respiratory system of Channa Punctatus with suitable diagram. Respiration is performed by four pairs of gills, situated in the gill chambers, and accessory respiratory organs. These two chambers are covered externally by the operculum. A branchiostegal membrane is attached to the posterior margin of the operculum and helps the operculum to make [...]